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Catalpol provides a protective effect on fibrillary Aβ1–42induced barrier disruption in an in vitro model of the blood–brain barrier

文献作者：Chenyang Liu, Kang Chen, Yunwei Lu, Zhuyuan Fang, Guran Yu   《Phytotherapy Research》

ABSTRACTS
Excessive amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition in brain is mainly responsible for cell damage and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Catalpol, an iridoid glucoside extracted from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, has neuroprotective effect against AD. It is unclear whether catalpol has a protective effect on Aβinduced BBB leakage. We employed an immortalized endothelial cell line (bEnd.3) and astrocytes coculture to mimic a BBB model in vitro and investigated the effect of catalpol on BBB. We found that treatment with catalpol decreased BBB hyperpermeability induced by fibrillar Aβ1–42. Data from western blotting showed that catalpol prevented fibrillar Aβ1–42induced bEnd.3 cell apoptosis through mitochondriadependent and death receptor pathways; decreased the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP2, MMP9, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products; and increased the levels of tight junction proteins (ZO1, occludin, and claudin5), lowdensity lipoprotein receptorrelated protein 1, and Pglycoprotein in fibrillar Aβ1–42treated bEnd.3 cells. Moreover, catalpol also enhanced soluble Aβ efflux across the fibrillar Aβ1–42treated bEnd.3 cells BBB monolayer model. Altogether, our results suggest that catalpol alleviate fibrillar Aβ1–42induced BBB disruption, enhance soluble Aβ clearance, and offer a feasible therapeutic application in AD treatment.
SCREENSHOT

RELATED PRODUCTS
Lyophilized rat Aβ1–42 (95% purity) was purchased from ChinaPeptides Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China).
CHAINING
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.6043

Number of Residues:42
1-Letter Code:DAEFGHDSGFEVRHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA
3-Letter Code:Asp-Ala-Glu-Phe-Gly-His-Asp-Ser-Gly-Phe-Glu-Val-Arg-His-Gln-Lys-Leu-Val-Phe-Phe-Ala-Glu-Asp-Val-Gly-Ser-Asn-Lys-Gly-Ala-Ile-Ile-Gly-Leu-Met-Val-Gly-Gly-Val-Val-Ile-Ala

Molecular weight (Mr):4418.01 g/mol
Isoelectric point:4.7
Net charge at pH 7.0:-2.8
Average hydrophilicity:-0.1
Ratio of hydrophilic residues / total number of residues:31 %
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